{"product_id":"language-testing-and-assessment","title":"Language Testing and Assessment","description":"\u003cp\u003eMost scholars consider the birth of modern language testing as a field of study to be the year 1961 with the publication of Robert Lado’s book \u003ci\u003eLanguage Testing\u003c\/i\u003e and John Carroll’s chapter ‘Fundamental Considerations in Language Testing’. In the decades since it has grown in scope into a deeper and wider theoretical and intellectual field of study. The intellectual growth has come with the birth of psychometrics, specifically, in using statistical analyses for test development and research; with ideas from linguistics, in developing language tests that are communicatively oriented; with ideas from ethics, specifically, in developing qualities, codes, and standards so that tests are fair and just. This has been coupled with the growth of the field into a billion-dollar worldwide enterprise partly fuelled by the practical need to assess the English language ability of test-takers who want to study at English-medium universities or work in offices that mainly use English for communication.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis new four-volume collection from Routledge captures this burgeoning field by offering a cogent and comprehensive state-of-the-art coverage of the very best material. The volumes have been conceptualized both as a scholarly contribution in terms of theories and research as well as a practical guide in terms of test development in the field of language testing and assessment.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45541901304046,"sku":"9780415708425","price":2016.0,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/bookland.com.au\/products\/language-testing-and-assessment","provider":"Book Land AU","version":"1.0","type":"link"}