{"product_id":"governing-by-virtue","title":"Governing by Virtue","description":"\u003cp\u003eManaging early modern England was difficult because the state was weak. Although Queen Elizabeth was the supreme ruler, she had little bureaucracy, no standing army, and no police force. This meant that her chief manager, Lord Burghley, had to work with the gentlemen of the magisterial classes in order to keep the peace and defend the realm.  He did this successfully by employing the shared value systems of the ruling classes, an improved information system, and\n\u003cbr\u003egentle coercion. Using Burghley's archive, Governing by Virtue explores how he ran a state whose employees were venal, who owned their jobs for life, or whose power derived from\n\u003cbr\u003ebirth and possession, not allegiance, even during national crises like that of the Spanish Armada.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46060470173934,"sku":"9780199593606","price":241.82,"currency_code":"AUD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0630\/9612\/7726\/files\/9780199593606.jpg?v=1736512371","url":"https:\/\/bookland.com.au\/products\/governing-by-virtue","provider":"Book Land AU","version":"1.0","type":"link"}